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Variant Configuration in SAP (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is a powerful tool that allows companies to manage complex product configurations efficiently. It’s particularly useful for industries like manufacturing, where products can have many different variations based on customer requirements.
What is the Purpose of variant Configuration
Variant Configuration is a crucial aspect of product customization and manufacturing processes. It enables businesses to offer tailored solutions to customers while maintaining operational efficiency. In this article, we will delve into the purpose and significance of variant configuration in modern industries.
Variant configuration is for manufacturing complex products in which customer determines the features of the product. Objective of variant configuration is to react quickly to customers’
requirements.
here it needs not to create separate material for each variant of a product. When companies introduce variant configuration this often goes beyond a business process re-engineering project.
Variant configuration offers an opportunity to restructure product structures for which then processes are defined.
This has a direct impact to the core areas such as marketing and product data management
What is the Use of variant Configuration
- It is tool which helps to simplify the complex manufacturing of final product more varieties and variation of the input material
- To ensure right choice is delivered
- Easy for the sales person to select & Communication is fast and clear
- Ensures production of right item
- New products can be configured immediately by the system itself and all changes in the costs of production, pricing for the new product are taken into account by the system automatically.
- This session will walk you through the steps of building a simple VC model.
Who Should Use Variant Configuration?
Variant Configuration
Creating characteristics in SAP
Steps – For creating Characteristics in SAP
Menu Path :Logistics ->Central Functions -> variant Configuration->
Environment -> Classification -> Master Data -> CT04-Charecterstics.
1) Enter Characteristics Name and Select Create Button
2) Enter Description in Basic data Tab, Enter data type (Character Format), Enter Number of Characters , Select Multiple Value radio button and Enter Characteristics values and Save it.
3) If we want to Create Another Characteristic Repeat the same procedure
4) Also create the characteristic for Price. Specify the values of all Characteristics in Values tab. And In the addition data Tab enter Table name SDCOM and Field name VKOND, Select Not Ready for Input option.
Create Characteristics Step by Step Process in SAP
Select Create Button
Select Basic Data Tab
Enter Description
Status must be set to Released
Select Character Format
Select Multiple Values
Select the Values Tab & Give the Characteristic values with description
Enter the Field Name VKOND
Select the table Name SDCOM
Select Not Ready for Input
Creating Class for Variant Configuration
- Menu Path :Logistics -> Central Functions -> Variant Configuration-> Environment -> Classification -> Master Data -> CL02 – Class.
- In Variant Configuration we use the Class to Group the Characteristics that Describe the Configurable Material. We need to link the Class to the Configurable Material so that we allow that Material to be Configured by using the Characteristics of the Class.
- We can use a Class in the Variant Configuration if the Class has a Class Type that Support the Variant Configuration.
- 1) Enter Class name and enter Class Type = 300 (Variants)
- 2) Select the Icon Create, Basic data Tab enter Description and status must be Set to Release
- 3) Select the Tab Characteristic and enter the Characteristics and Save.
Create Class in SAP
Enter the Class Description
Select the create Button
Enter Class type 300
Enter Class description
Status must be set to Released
Indicates not to check similar characteristic values
Add Characteristics to the Class
Select Characteristic Tab and enter the Characteristics and Save it.
Creating a Configurable Material in SAP
- A material with different features or characteristics and options is known as configurable material. Example: PC, Car.
- Configurable materials are either created in a material type that allows the configuration (n the standard system, the material type KMAT) or they are given the indicator Configurable in the material master record.
- Specify the Industry sector is Mechanical Engineering & Material type is Configurable Material
- Item category group is 0002
- In basic data 2 tab we need to select the check box configurable material
- Class type is 300
Enter The Class
Select the Characteristics
Configuration Profile in SAP – CU41
- Menu Path :Logistics ->Central Functions -> variant Configuration -> Configuration Profile->CU41 Create
- Each configurable object must have a configuration profile. The configuration profile for a material controls the configuration process in the sales order
- We maintain the configuration profile for the configurable objects to define the central settings for the configuring the objects we can control all the settings that effect the display options and the scope of the characteristics on the value assignment screen.
- Select the Object Material, Specify the required material and press enter Now specify Priority, Profile name and Class type (300).Select the Profile and from the main menu select Goto-> Profile detail select the tab configuration initial screen in process field tab select the sales order. And specify the BOM explosion SD01 and save it.
Enter the Class Type 300
Enter the Priority & Profile Name
Select Characteristic values
Select Sales order
Select the application SD01
Dependency’s in SAP for Variant Configuration
- It describes the inter dependency’s between the characteristics and characteristic values and it controls which components are to be selected from the Bill of Material..
- Use : In Variant Configuration, we use dependencies to control combinations of variants. This prevents combinations of options that are not allowed. Dependencies also select exactly the right BOM components and operations to produce a variant.
- In two ways we can create the dependency’s
- Menu Path Logistics -> Central Functions -> Variant Configuration ->Dependency -> Single Dependency -> CU01 Create
- We can create directly the dependency in the characteristic itself
- Go to the transaction CT04 and Enter the Characteristic Name
- Go to the Tab Values and select the line of characteristic value form the main menu Go to Extras Object dependency’s -> Editor.
- Now select the option Procedure press enter and In the ABAP/4 Line command (Below line) write the code $SELF.ZPRICE= ‘1 GB’ and check for the Syntax Error. And Save it.
- Repeat the same for all other characteristic values.
Open the characteristic in change mode and select a character for which the dependency is to be created
Enter the dependency (follow the Dependency syntax)
Check for the Syntax Error and Save It
Check for the Syntax Error and Save it
Variant condition Pricing procedure and maintaining Condition records
- In the Transaction Code V/08 Pricing procedure we need to add the Condition type VA00 with the requirement 2 (Item with pricing).
- In the Transaction Code VK11 we need to maintain the Condition Record for Basic Price of the Material for the condition Type PR00.
- In the Transaction Code VK11 we need to maintain the Condition Records for all Characteristic Values. In the condition type VA00.
Variant Conditions In Pricing Procedure
Condition Record for Base price
Maintaining the Condition Record for Base Price
Condition Records for Variant Conditions
Condition records are created for sales organization, distribution channel and material
Enter prices associated with variants.
Enter the variants
Creating the Sales Order BOM
- Create the Material masters for All the Components
- Go to the Transaction Code CS01.And Enter the Material “ZLAPTOP ”, Enter the Plant and Enter the BOM Usage is 5.
- In the Initial Screen of the BOM enter all the Components and Quantity
- Select the Line and Go to the Main menu select Extras -> Object Dependencies -> Editor there write the dependencies Syntax.
- Repeat the Procedure for all BOM Components and Save.
Creating BOM
Enter all the Components and Quantities
Enter the Dependency Syntax
Process flow
- Create the Sales Order with the Tcode VA01 the Standard Document type is OR, standard item category is TAC and Schedule line category is CP.
- For Consuming the Components against to sales order Use T code MB1A with Movement type 231
- The sales order is make To Order Scenario so In the Stock posting Screen select the Movement Type 521 (Receipt w/o production order into unrestricted sales order) and Special stock indicator (E).
- Create the Delivery document with the Tcode VL01N Standard Document type is LF.
- Create the Billing document with the Tcode VF01 Standard document type is F2.
Creating the sales order
Enter the Configurable Material and Quantity
Value Assignment Screen
Select the Values from the Value Assignment Screen
Pricing Calculation
Pricing is Calculating as per the Condition Records maintained
MB1A – For Consuming the Components
Enter the Sales Order
Enter the Components & Quantity
