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What is Master data in MM module?
The master data in the MM module acts as reference data, defining various business
entities and playing a key role in the core operation of the business.
How is master data important in MM module?
The master data in the MM module contains all of the basic information needed to manage
material. The data is stored and sorted on the basis of different criteria, such as the
descriptive nature of the material (size, dimension, and weight) and the control functions of
the material (material type and industry sector). Apart from data maintained by the user, the
master data also stores data that is automatically updated by the system (such as stock
levels).
What are the various types of master data in MM module?
The different types of master data in the MM module are as follows:
Material master
Vendor master
Purchasing information record
Source list
Quota arrangement
What is a Material Master file?
A material master file stores and maintains all of the information related to managing a
material. The material master is sorted on the basis of different criteria.
Why are material master records used in SAP?
Material master records are used in the SAP R/3 system to manage material-specific data. The material information stored in material master records is used by all logistics areas in the SAP R/3 system. The material master records integrate all material-specific data into a single database object eliminating the problem of data redundancy. Because material master records store data in a single database object, the same data can be shared by all departments, such as purchasing, inventory management, materials planning, and invoice verification.
How is the information of material master records updated?
You can manually update the information in the material master records, however, there are
some exceptions for which the information can be updated by the SAP R/3 system only, for
example, administrative data.
What are the types of industry sectors defined in Material Master data?
The different types of industry sectors defined in the material master data are as follows:
Aerospace and defense
Beverage
Chemical industry
Food and related products
Mechanical engineering
Pharmaceuticals
Plant engineering/construction
Retail
Retailing
Service providers
What data in material master is maintained at the client level?
The general data, i.e., the data applicable to the company as a whole, is stored at the client
level
What are the plant-specific data in material?
The MRP data and forecast data are the plant-specific data in the material master.
What is the lot size attribute of a material?
The lot size attribute represents the reorder quantity for a material. A material can have a
periodic, optimum, or static (fixed) lot size.
How is material information structured in material master records?
Material information is structured in material master records on the basis of different
criteria, such as the material’s master-detail (including its name, size, dimension, and
weight), which shows its descriptive nature, and the material’s detail related to control
functions (such as material type, price control, and industry sector). Material master records
also store information about the data that can be automatically updated by the system. For
example, the stock level can be automatically updated by the system on the basis of the
material data update.
What is a batch?
A batch is a group of materials combined into one quantity for various reasons. Very often,
materials with the same characteristics and values are grouped into a batch. For example,
in the chemical industry, a specified number of containers of a specific product may be
considered a batch if they were produced at the same time and have the same physical and
chemical characteristics.
Why is batch record important?
A batch represents a quantity of a particular material processed at the same time with
the same parameters. These materials, produced as one batch, have the same
characteristics and values, which may vary from the materials of another batch
produced on the same day.
A batch record is important because batch records indicate that the batch conforms to
the current Dood Manufacturing Procedures (GMP). The batch record also contains
specific information about the product tested, analytical methods, and test results.
How to create a batch?
You can create a batch record manually by using the transaction code MSC1N. The
navigation path for creating a batch is, SAP Menu > Logistics > Materials Management >
Material Master > Batch > Create.
What are the important fields in a batch master record?
The important fields in a batch master record are as follows:
Production date – Refers to the date when the batch was produced.
Self-life expiration date – Refers to the date when the life of the batch will expire.
Available from – Refers to the date from which the batch will be available to other
departments.
Batch status – Allows the batch to be classified as having restricted or unrestricted use.
Next inspection – Refers to the next quality inspection date of the batch.
Vendor batch – Refers to the batch number assigned by the vendor.
Class – Allows the user to sort the batch for use in specific classes.
Characteristics – Helps in assigning a class to the batch.
Release status – Specifies the status of the batch.
Linked document – Helps the user to link the documents related to the batch.
Document type – Allows the user who is purchasing the batch to specify a document.
Document – Helps the user to select the relevant document.
Document part – Allows the user to enter the part of the document that is related to the
batch.
Version – Specifies the document version of the batch.
How can batch records be changed?
You can change a batch record by using the transaction code MSC2N. The navigation
path for changing the batch record is SAP Menu > Logistics > Materials Management >
Material Master > Batch > Change.
It is important to note that these changes to the batch record will also be available for
review.
How to delete a Batch?
You can delete a batch by using the MSC2N transaction code. You can alternately delete a
batch record by flagging the batch master record. For this, you need to first select the batch
in the change mode.
What is Batch Information Cockpit?
The Batch Information cockpit (BIC) is the main switching point, having a wide range of
options for scrutiny and control of batches. It stores at a single location all the information
related to the analysis of a particular batch.
What are the levels at which a batch number can be configured?
A batch number can be configured at several different levels, client level, plant level, and
material level. You can select a batch number at any of the following levels:
Client level – When you configure a batch at the client level, you need to assign the batch
number only once throughout the whole client. only one batch number exists for each
material assigned at this level.
Plant level – In SAP, the plant level is the default level for the batch number. At the plant
level, a batch number is unique for a plant and material. This means that you can have a
batch of the same number at a different plant within the same company.
Material level – At this level, material numbers are assigned to the products. The
material number helps to differentiate between two products in case their batch
numbers are the same. The materials are identified by the combination of the material
number and batch number.
How are batch numbers assigned?
The batch number is predefined in SAP. You can change the batch numbers either by using
the OMAD transaction code or by using the navigation path IMG > Logistics-General > Batch
Management > Batch Number Assignment > Maintain Internal Batch Number Assignment
Range.
Follow either of the two configuration steps to change the batch number:
You can assign a batch number internally using the internal number range, either by
using the OMCZ transaction code or by following the navigation path Display IMG >
Logistics-General > Batch Management > Batch Number Assignment > Activate Internal
Batch Number Assignment > Activate Batch Number Assignment.
You can also configure the system to allow automatic numbering of a batch by
following the navigation path Display IMG > Logistics-General > Batch Management >
Batch Number Assignment > Activate Internal Batch Number Assignment > Internal
Batch Number Assignment for Assigned Goods Receipt.
What is a serial number?
A serial number is assigned to an item to identify it and to store information about it. A serial number is mostly used to refer to equipment such as motors, drills, or vacuums. In MM, an item of material contains a serial number as well as a material number. This combination helps to uniquely identify an item of material.
What is a class type? How will you configure a class type?
A class type is the SAP system’s top/level unit, which is used to control the SAP system’s
classes. It performs the following tasks:
Defines the class objects
Checks if class objects can be used in other classes or not
Defines the class maintenance screen
You can configure a class type by using the following menu path, SAP Customizing
Implementation Guide > Cross Application Component > Classification System > Classes >
Maintain Object Types and Material Types.
A material does not have a master record. How can we procure that?
There may be instances when a material does not have a master record. You can perform
different functions in different situations to procure the master record. For example:
You can create a material master record if there is no material master record for a
particular material.
You can extend the material master record if the material master record exists for a
particular material but the user department does not have the master data.
You can also extend the material master record if the material master record exists for a
particular material and the user department has the master data but it has been entered
in a different organizational level.
State the importance of classification data.
Classification data allows you to search for materials on the basis of the characteristic
values entered into the classes. This feature is very useful when the customer wants to
search for a particular vendor and particular batches.
What is an ABC indicator?
An ABC indicator is an indicator assigned by the ABC analysis procedure. An ABC indicator
provides details of the consumption value of the material involved in the ABC analysis. The
ABC analysis is performed by multiplying the current price of the materials by their quantity.
The different consumption values are given as follows:
A materials – Important parts, high usage/consumption value
B materials – Less important parts, medium usage/consumption value
C materials – Relatively unimportant parts, low usage/consumption value
What are the main master files used in MM?
The following are the main master files used in MM:
Material master file
Inventory master file
Vendor master file
Give some example of master data in material management (MM).
Material master, material master general data (MARA), tax Classification material (MLAN)
info records, source list, and vendor master are examples of master data in MM.
How is the vendor created?
You can create a vendor by using the transaction code XK01 and performing the following
steps:
Add the vendor name, company code, purchasing organization, account group, and
vendor address.
Add the country, bank key, bank account, and the name of the account holder.
Save the data.
This creates a vendor record in the system.
What is vendor master data?
Vendor master data contains details of each vendor that supplies materials or services to
an enterprise. The vendor master data is stored in individual vendor master records
consisting of data, such as the vendor’s name, the vendor’s address, the currency used for
the transaction, payment terms, and the contact person’s name (on the sales staff).
What are the different sections in vendor master data?
Following are the three sections in vendor master data:
General data – Provides general information about the vendor that can be entered into
the system for creating vendor records. General data can provide the name, address,
telephone, and fax of the vendor through specified search terms. Additional information
can also be added to the vendor master record by the accounting and purchasing
departments using the transaction code XK01.
Accounting data – Refers to financial information entered at the company code level.
The financial information includes tax information, bank details, reconciliation account,
payment terms, payment methods, and dunning information. You can enter this financial
data using the transaction code FK01.
Purchasing data – Refers to data entered while creating a vendor at the purchasing
organization level. Different purchasing organizations have different purchasing data.
The purchasing data includes partner functions, purchasing default fields, and invoice
verification indicators. You can enter this data using the transaction code MK01.
What are the different fields in vendor master data?
The different fields in vendor master data are as follows,
The name and address of the vendor
The currency in which the transaction will be done
The terms and conditions of payment
The names of important contact persons
The accounting information, such as the reconciliation account in the general
How do we create a vendor number range?
When you create a number range, it is important to remember that vendor numbers,
such as material numbers, can be assigned externally or internally. You can create vendor
number ranges by selecting the following navigation path: IMG > Financial Accounting >
Vendor Accounts > Master Data > Preparations for Creating Vendor Master Data > Create
Number Ranges for Vendor Accounts.
For configuring the vendor number range, you should enter a unique number for the
range, which is a two-character field, and then specify the limit for the number range.
The current number field is used to define the current number. The Ext. field Specifies
whether the number range is defined externally by the user.
What is dunning procedure? How can it be configured?
Sometimes, you may need to send a payment reminder or a dunning notice to a person or
an organization to remind them of their outstanding debts. The process by which the
system controls dunning is called the dunning procedure. The dunning procedure can be
configured by using the FBMP transaction code or the following navigation path: IMG >
Financial Accounting > Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable > Business
Transactions > Dunning > Dunning Procedure > Defining Dunning Procedures.
How do we assign material to vendors?
Select the following navigation path to link vendors to materials, SAP Menu > Logistics >
Material Management > Purchasing > Master Data > Info Record > Create. Alternatively, the
ME11 transaction code is used for this purpose.
What is the transaction code to access the Materials Management configuration menu?
The OLMS transaction code is used to access the Materials Management configuration
menu.
What are the Various transaction codes to access the MM configuration?
The following are the various transaction codes to access the MM configuration,
OLMD – Accesses Material Management-Consumption Jased Planning (MM-CBP)
OLMB – Accesses Material Management-Inventory Management (MM-IM)
OLME – Accesses Material Management-Purchase (MM/PUR)
OLML – Accesses Material Management-Warehouse Management
OLMS – Accesses the material master data OLMW Enables valuation and account
assignment
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